How is Water Treated in Water Treatment Plant?

 
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Water is an essential resource for human life and is used in a variety of ways. To ensure that the water is safe for drinking, it must be properly treated in a water treatment plant. In this article, we will explore how water is treated in water treatment plants, the various treatments that are used, and the importance of properly treated water. So, let’s dive in and see how water is treated in water treatment plants.

Water is treated in a water treatment plant through a multi-step process that includes coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection. Coagulation involves adding chemicals, such as alum, to the water to remove suspended particles. Sedimentation follows, where the particles settle at the bottom of the tank and are removed. Filtration is then used to remove any remaining particles from the water, and a disinfectant, such as chlorine, is used to kill any bacteria and viruses.

Source: cdc.gov

Table of Contents

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The Process of Water Treatment in Water Treatment Plant

Water treatment is the process of removing contaminants from wastewater and household water supplies to make them suitable for human consumption. The process of water treatment involves several steps, including screening, coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection. This process is necessary to ensure that water is free from bacteria, viruses, and other contaminants that can cause serious health problems.

The process of water treatment begins with the removal of large particles from the water, such as dirt and debris. This is done by passing the water through a series of screens or filters, which trap the particles and remove them from the water. After the particles have been removed, the water is ready for the next stage of the treatment process, known as coagulation. During this process, chemicals are added to the water to clump together small particles and form larger particles, known as flocs.

Once the flocs have been formed, they are then separated from the water using a process called sedimentation. The flocs are allowed to settle to the bottom of the water, and the clear water is then collected and sent to the filtration stage. During filtration, the water is passed through a series of filters to remove any remaining particles, such as bacteria, viruses, and other contaminants. The final step of water treatment is disinfection, which involves adding chemicals to the water to kill any remaining bacteria or viruses that may be present.

  
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Screening

The first step of water treatment is screening, which involves passing the water through a series of screens or filters to remove large particles, such as dirt and debris. This step is necessary to ensure that the water is free from contaminants that can cause health problems. The screens or filters used in this process are typically made of metal or plastic and are designed to trap particles as small as several millimeters in size.

Once the water has been screened, it is then ready for the next stage of the treatment process. This stage is known as coagulation, which involves adding chemicals to the water to clump together small particles and form larger particles, known as flocs.

Coagulation

During the coagulation process, chemicals such as alum, ferric chloride, and polymers are added to the water. These chemicals cause the small particles in the water to clump together and form larger particles, known as flocs. The flocs are then separated from the water using a process called sedimentation, which allows the flocs to settle to the bottom of the water.

Once the flocs have been removed, the clear water is then sent to the filtration stage. During this stage, the water is passed through a series of filters to remove any remaining particles, such as bacteria, viruses, and other contaminants. The filters used in this process are typically made of sand, gravel, and activated carbon, and are designed to capture particles as small as several microns in size.

Filtration

The filtration stage is the final step of the water treatment process. During this stage, the water is passed through a series of filters to remove any remaining particles, such as bacteria, viruses, and other contaminants. The filters used in this process are typically made of sand, gravel, and activated carbon, and are designed to capture particles as small as several microns in size.

The filters used in this stage are designed to capture particles that are too small to be removed by the screens or filters used in the screening stage. Once the water has been filtered, it is then ready for the final stage of treatment, known as disinfection.

Disinfection

The final step of water treatment is disinfection, which involves adding chemicals to the water to kill any remaining bacteria or viruses that may be present. The most common disinfection chemicals used in this process are chlorine and chloramines, which are added to the water to kill any remaining bacteria or viruses.

Once the water has been disinfected, it is then ready for distribution and use. The process of water treatment is necessary to ensure that the water is free from contaminants that can cause serious health problems.

Conclusion

Water treatment is an important process that is necessary to ensure that water is safe for human consumption. The process of water treatment involves several steps, including screening, coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection. Each of these steps plays an important role in ensuring that the water is free from contaminants that can cause serious health problems.